Double-board single-sheathed car.



R. G. ELLIS.

DOUBLE BOARD SINGLESHEATHED CAR.

APPLICATION FILED' DEC. 13. I916.

Patented Oct. 30, 1917.

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t R. G. ELLIS.

DOUBLE BOARD SINGLE SHEATHED CAR. APPLICATION meoozc. I8, 1916.

1,244,? 18. Patented Oct. 30,1917.

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TENT OFFICE,

ROBERT G. ELLIS, 0F UNIVERSITY, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN CAR AND FOUNDRY COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OFNEW JERSEY.

DOUBLE-BOARD SINGLE-SHEATHED CAR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 30, 1917.

Application filed December 18, 1916. Serial No. 137,574.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RoBER'r G. ELLIS, residing at University City, St. Louis county, State of Missouri, and being a citizen of the United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Double-Board Single-sheathed Cars, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and to use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the preferred form of the invention, though it is to be understood that the inventiom is not limited to the exact details of construction shown and described, as it is obvious that various modifications thereof within the scope of the claims will occur to persons skilled in the art.

In said drawings:

Figure 1 illustrates a conventional type of freight car in which my invention 1s embodied, said car being shown at the left in vertical central longitudinal section and at the rightin side elevation;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section above,'the floor line of somewhat more than half the cara Fig, 8 is a vertical section through one-of the car sides;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary horizontal section illustrating the construction at one of the corner posts;

Fig. 5 is another fragmentary horizontal section illustrating the construction at one of the door posts; and 4 Fig. 6 illustrates a modification of the construction illustrated in Fig. 3. This invention relates to railway cars and particularly to the sheathing1 or walls thereof, and has for a purpose t e creation of a structure of this kind which results in a plural-board single sheathed car.

Protection to lading contained in the car is attained by the peculiar single sheathing construction and by the forms of joints between the sheathing and the super-structure framin of the car. It will be understood that, with such adaptations as may be necessary, the sheathing and the joints between the same. and the car-framing members is equally applicable to the sides and the ends of the car.

The car wall may be built up of any suitable number of courses of boards, two such courses ordinarily being ample, between which sheetlike water-proofing material is preferably introduced, and the means for holdin the wall structure together andthe wall to the car-framing is such that there is, in effect, no perforation through the wall from the exterior to the interior of the car. While the interposition of the water-proofing material is considered desirable, the peculiar arrangement of the board courses and the means for combining them is such that the wall will be water-proof even though the waterproofing material be omitted.

A relation between the outer course of boards and the side sill together with a relation of the inner course of boards to the floor, causes a staggering or off-setting of the joints between the boards of the inner and outer courses, introducing water-proofing qualities in the wall other than that supplied by the water-proofing material referred to, there being no danger of waterleakage through the sheathing, even with the absence of the waterproofing material.

Other novel features becoming manifest hereinafter are, of course, to be regarded as a part of the present invention.

Referring to the drawings, 10 represents the horizontally disposed boards of the outer course of the sheathing and 10 similarily arranged boa-rdsof the inner course of the double-board sheathing of the car, there being interposed between said courses of boards, a layer of water-proofing material 1 The boards of both courses are superimposed and their longitudinal edges abut, there being tongue and groove connections between the boards in each course which contribute tothe water-proofing qualities of the car walls. The outer and inner board courses, 10 and 10, together with the interposed water-proofing material 14, are secured together independently of the car side or car end framing by suitable'devices, such as clencher nails 13. nally straight and are driven successively through the boards 10 of the inner course, I

the interposed water-proofing material 14: and the boards 10 of the outer course. During the latter part of the inner movement of clencher nails 13, their points encounter a metallic surface of the wall-reinforcingframing members 11 and the ends of the nails are deflected, as illustrated in Fig. 3, whereupon said nails are incapable of being withdrawn from the sheathing in either direction. It is to be noted that whatever perforations are made in the boards 10 and 10 andthe water-proofing material 14 are automatically given an internal opening that just'accommodates the cross section of the clencher nails 13. This is an important feature as it renders the sheathing substantially imperforate and is quite different from instances where holes are bored through the boards to afterward receive bolts, in which case a greater diameter than the bolt is given the holes to establish clearance for the bolt shanks.

The sheathing being securely combined, it is attached to flanges of the framing members 11 by bolts 12. These bolts are passed through the boards 10 of the outer course of sheathing before the combining with that course of the water-proofing material and the boards 10*- of the inner'course. The heads of bolts 12 are countersunk in the boards 10 of the outer course and the shanks projected beyond the outer. surface of boards 10 and through and beyond flanges of the framing members 11, nuts being thereafter applied to said bolts to secure the sheathing to the framing members 11. Framing members 11 extend downwardly to an angle-shaped side sill 15 to which they are secured preferably by rivet connection. Said framing members, as shown in Fig. 3, may extend down and be secured to an outer end of an underframe transverse member 9.

Proceeding upwardly, side framing members 11 lap a depending flange of a side plate may have various forms, are here illustrated as being Z-shaped and their upper ends are secured to the depending flange of said side plate by means of gusset plates 8 riveted to the outer flanges of the Z-shaped framing members 11 and to the depending members of side plate 20.

In the form illustrated in Fig. 3, the horizontal flange of side plate 20 extends over the top of framing members 11 and has secured thereto, by rivets '21, the outer ends of carlines 16 which lap said horizontal side plate flange. A side plate furring 7 is also mounted upon the horizontal flange of side Said nails 13 are origi- 20. Framing members 11, while they plate 20 and acts as a nailing strip for the roof boards. Interposed between the undersides of side plate furring 7 and the bottoms of carlines 16, 'is a flashing 19 which extends throughout the length of the car, said flashing passing over the top of the upper board 10 of the outside course of the sheathing and extending downwardly along the inner face thereof and between upper board-s 10 and 10 of the outer and in nerboard courses of said sheathing. The top of the inner board 10 is somewhat lower than the top of the outer board 10 to facilitate' the installation of the flashing 19. A tight joint or closure is thereby efl'ected between the sheathing and the side plate throughout the length of the car. A tight closure is also effected between the sheathing and the side sill longitudinally of the car by mounting a floor stringer which parallels side sill 15 in the angle formed by the flanges of the sill and by extending the water-proofing material 14 between the outer edge of the car floor 17 and the outer board course 10, and continuing' it between the underside of said car floor 17 and the upper side of floor stringer 18 to a point inside of the inner face of stringer 18.

The bottom board 10 of the outer board course is shown in Fig. 3 to bear on top of the vertical flange of side sill 15 and to pass between the inner flanges of the Z-shaped framing members 11 and the outer edge of car floor 17. The bottom board 10 of the inner board course of the sheathing lies directly on the upper surface of car floor 17,

in consequence of which, the boards 10: and

10 of the sheathing being of substantially uniform wldth, the joints between the abutting edges of the boards of the inner course are staggered or ofl-set from the joints of the boards of the outer course. This further improves the water-proofing qualities of the sheathing or car wall.

Referring to Fig. 4;, the arrangement of the sheathing at one of the corner posts 22, which corner post is part of the super-framing of the car, is illustrated, it being understood that this construction may prevail at all of the corner posts. It is here seen that the boards 10 of the outer board course of the sheathing lie against the inner faces of the legs of the angle 22 and that one vertical row of boards have their end edges abut the inner face of the row of outer boards 10 that are disposed at a right angle thereto. The boards 10 of the inner courses of the side and end sheathing are. similarly arranged, except that their relation is to the inner faces of the boards 10 instead of to the inner faces of corner post angle The waterbetween the boards 10 of the outer couise and 10 of the inner course and the clencher nails are employed as elsewhere in the sheathing. Also the bolt-s 12 are here employed to secure the outer boards 10 to the flanges of the angular corner post 22.

The arrangement at the door opening in the car wall is illustrated in Fig. 5 wherein the door post 11*, which is one of the framing members of the car superstructure, is shown to be Z-sha-ped. The door post furring 23 is fitted into the angle formed by the outer flange of the Z-shaped door post and the web thereof and is bolted 'or otherwise secured to said web. Superimposed boards 10 of the outer board course of the sheathing lap and lie against the face of the inner flange of'the Z-shaped door post 11 and are secured thereto by bolts 12, as hereinbefore set forth. The boards 10* of the inner course of the sheathing are clenched by clencher nails 13 to those of the outer course and the water-proofing material is interposed as in the other parts of the sheathing. The vertical edge of the outer course of boards 10 abuts the door post furring 23 but the boards 10 of the inner course do not extend to that furring, though the water-proofing material is shown as doing so. To protect the vertical edge of the boards 10 of the inner sheathing course and also the door post furring 23, a vertical strip 24 lies against a side of furring 23 and the vertical edge of boards 10, projecting inwardly sufliciently beyond the inner face of the inner course of boards 10 to receive such blows as may result-in the passing of lading through the door-way.

A good substitute for the design shown in Fig. 3 is illustrated in Fig. 6 wherein the flashing 19 is dispensed with and the horizontal flange of side plate 20 is extended inwardly between the underside of carline 16 to upper side of the-top board 10 of the outer course of boards. The inner course of boards projects above the top surface of the top board of the outer course to preferably bea against the underside of carline 16. I this way the sheathing is rabbeted on its upper side to receive the horizontal flange of side plate 20. Because of theway in which said horizontal flange of the side plate 20 is fitted into the sheathing, a tight joint is established between said sheathing. and side plate 20 throughout the length of the car. It will, of course, be understood "that a similar arrangement, with necessary adaptations, may be made at the ends of the car.

What I claim is:

1. In combination in a car, wall-framin members, a sheathing across which said members extend comprising outer and inner courses of boards, means not passing throu h the inner course of boards securing t e members, a sheathing reinforced thereby comprising outer and inner courses of boards, the longitudinal edges of which form joints, the joints in one course being offset from those in the next course, means not passing through "the inner course of boards securing the boards of the outer course to said members and clenching devices securing boards of both courses together. b

4. In combination in a car, wall-framing members and sheathing reinforced thereby comprising a pair of courses of boards one course only of which is directly attached to said members but both of which courses are tied thereto.

5. In combination in a car, wall-framing members, a sheathing applied thereto C0111- prising a plurality of courses of boards having interlocking edges forming joints, the joints of one course being offset from those of the next course, means locking the courses of boards from separation from each other but not from separation from said members, and means directly associated with only one of said board courses securing the plurality of board courses to said members.

6. In combination in a car, wall-framing members, a sheathing applied thereto C0111- prising a pair of courses of boards having interlocking edges forming joints and a layer of water-proofing material interposed between said board courses, said joints of the different board courses being offset from each other, means locking the board courses and water-proofing material layer from separation from each other but not from said members, and means directly locking only one of said courses of boards to said members. i

7. In combination in a car a sill, a floor stringer carried thereby, a floor supported by said stringer to lie above said sill, and a sheathing comprising outer and inner courses of horizontally arranged superimposed boards of substantially uniform width, the outer course extending down to bear on top of said sill and the bottom of the inner course bearing on the upper surface of said floor, whereby the oints between the superimposed boards of one course are offset with respect to the board joints in the other course.

8. In combination in a car, a sill, a floor stringer mounted thereon, a floor above said sill supported by said stringer, a sheathing comprising outer and inner courses of superimposed horizontal boards in edge contact and a layer of water-proofing material interposed between said board courses, and upstanding wall-framing members to which said sheathing is secured, the outer board course extending between said members and outer floor edge and bearing on top of said sill and the inner board course resting on said floor, the joints between the boards of the different courses being thereby offset.

9. In combination ,in a car, a sill, a floor stringer mounted thereon, a floor above said sill supported by said stringer, a sheathing comprising outer and inner courses of superimposed horizontal boards in edge contact and a layer of water-proofing material interposed between said board courses, and upstanding wall-framing members to which said sheathing is secured, the outer board course extending between said members and outer floor edge and bearing on top of said sill and the inner board course resting on said floor, the joints between the boards of the different courses being thereby offset, said water-proofing material extending between said floor and stringer.

10. In combination in a car, upstanding wall-framing members, a horizontal plate connected with the upper portions thereof, sheathing on the inner side of said mem bers comprising outer and inner courses of boards attached to'each other and a single one of said courses being attached to said members, and an extension from said plate fitted into said sheathing to make atight joint between the same and said plate.

11. In combination in a car, upwardly directed car side framing members, an angular side plate connected with the upper portions thereof, sheathing on the inner side of said members comprising outer and inner courses of boards and water-proofing material interposed therebetween, means connecting said board courses and water-proofing material together independently of said members, means connecting said sheathing to said members, and an extension from said side plate, the inner and outer board courses being arranged to receive said extension, whereby a tight joint is made between said sheathing and side plate.

12. In combination in a car, upwardly ex tending car side framing members, an angular side plate connected with the upper portions thereof, carlines connected to said side plate, sheathing comprising outer and inner courses of boards fastened together and to said framing members, and an extension from said side plate passing between said carlines and said sheathing, the board courses of the latter being arrangedto receive said extension, the latter making a tight joint between said sheathing and side plate.

13. In combination in a car, car framing members including a flanged corner post,

sheathing at the side and the end of the car.

comprising in each instance a pair of courses of boards, the outer courses of the, side and end sheathing lying against flanges of said corner post, means initially penetrative of both courses of the sheathing adapted to be deflected by the corner post to clench both sheathing courses together and fastening devices extending through the outer but not the inner courses of the sheathing securing the latter to said corner post.

14. In combination in a car, car framing members including a flanged corner post, sheathing at the side and end of the car comprising in each instance a pair of courses of boards and water-proofing material interposed therebetween, the outer course s lying against flanges of said corner post, means initially penetrative of both courses and water-proofing material of the sheathing adapted to be deflected by said framing members to bind both courses and said material together independently of said framing members, and fastening devices'extending through the outer but not the inner courses of said sheathing and countersunk therein, said devices securing said sheathing to said framing members. I

15. in combination in a car,rcar framing members including a flanged door post, door post furring received by and secured to said post, sheathing comprising outer and inner courses of boards, the outer course lying against a flange of said post, means initiallv penetrative of both sheathing courses adapted to be deflected by said post to clench both courses together, and means extending through the outer but not the inner sheathing course securing said sheathing to said post flange.

16. In combination in a car, car framing members including a flanged door post, door furl-ing received by and secured to said post. sheathing comprising outer and inner courses of boards and waterproofing material interposed therebetwecn, the outer course lving against a flange of said post, means initially penetrative of both courses and said material adapted to be deflected by said post to clench the elements of the sheathing together, and fastening devices extending through and countersunk in the outer but not the inner sheathing course securing said sheathing to said post flange.

17. In combination in a car, car framing members including a flanged door post, door post furring received by and secured to said post, sheathing comprising outer and inner courses of boards and Waterproofing material interposed therebetween, the outer course lying against a flange of said post, means initially penetrative of both courses and said material adapted to be deflected by said post to clench the elements of the sheathing together, fastening devices extending through and countersunk in the ,outer but not the inner sheathing course securing said sheathing to said post flange, and a strip protecting said post furring and sheathing.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two Witnesses. ROBERT G. ELLIS. Witnesses:

WM.- J. RoA, PAUL BATEMAN. 

